Gronemeyer h gustafsson ja laudet v 2004 principles for modulation of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Integration of multiple signalling pathways through phosphorylation. Rochette egly c 2003 nuclear receptors.
Tata jr 2002 signalling through nuclear receptors. A course for graduate students the lecture begins with a discussion of the structure of nuclear hormone receptors and then proceeds to describe mechanisms of transcriptional regulation modulation of nuclear receptor activity by phosphorylation. This teaching resource provides lecture notes and slides for a class covering nuclear receptors and is part of the course cell signaling systems.
In addition to the classic transcriptional response nrs also have a role in rapid non nuclear signaling originating from receptors localized at the plasma membrane. Other nuclear receptors are contstitutively nuclear and their chromatin modifying activities are regulated by ligand binding reviewed in beato et al 1996. 1995 unlike most intercellular messengers the ligands can cross the plasma membrane and directly interact with nuclear receptors.
Nuclear receptors are a family of ligand regulated transcription factors that are activated by steroid hormones such as estrogen and progesterone and various other lipid soluble signals including retinoic acid oxysterols and thyroid hormone mangelsdorf et al. Nuclear receptor signaling nrs is a peer reviewed open access journal publishing primary research ar. This journal is no longer accepting new submissions.
Inflammatory signaling leads to the induction of nurr1 expression sumoylation of nurr1 using pias4 as the e3 ligase and gsk3 dependent phosphorylation of p65. Figure 2 4 repression of active inflammatory response genes in astrocytes and microglia by nuclear receptor related 1 nurr1. In addition to ligand binding nuclear receptor activity can be modulated through the action of numerous growth factor and cytokine signaling cascades that result in receptor phosphorylation or other post translational modifications typically within the n terminal transactivation domain.
The transcriptional activation of af 1 is normally very weak but it does synergize with af. Contains the activation function 1 af 1 whose action is independent of the presence of ligand. A b n terminal regulatory domain.
Nuclear receptors are modular in structure and contain the following domains.
Nuclear receptor signaling. Most nuclear receptors have molecular masses between 50 000 and 100 000 daltons.
Most nuclear receptors have molecular masses between 50 000 and 100 000 daltons.
